How to skip parsing the promoted image content in RSS feed using Feedzirra / Feedjira

I am using the gem called feedjira to parse rss feeds in rails.

Feedjira::Feed.add_feed_class Feedjira::Parser::RSSfeed = Feedjira::Feed.fetch_and_parse site[:url]news = feed.entries

For example, It returns the following summary field value

"WASHINGTON, Aug 10 - Guggenheim Partners Investment Management LLC has agreed to pay $20 million to settle federal charges that it failed to disclose a$50 million loan by a client to a senior executive, the Securities and  Exchanges Commission said on Monday.<br clear='all'/><br/><br/><a href=\"http://rc.feedsportal.com/r/234566992987/u/0/f/415367.htm\"rel=\"nofollow\"><img src=\"http://rc.feedsportal.com/r/234566992987/u/0/f/rc.img\"border=\"0\"/></a><br/><br/><a href=\"http://rc.feedsportal.com/r/234566992987/u/0/rc.htm\"rel=\"nofollow\"><img src=\"http://rc.feedsportal.com/r/234566992987/u/rc.img\"border=\"0\"/></a><br/><br/><a href=\"http://da.feedsportal.com/r/234566992987/u/0/f/a2.htm\"><img src=\"http://da.feedsportal.com/r/234566992987/a2.img\"border=\"0\"/></a><img width=\"1\" height=\"1\"src=\"http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/234566992987/u/0/f/a2t.img\" border=\"0\"/>"

How want to remove/skip the promoted images in the content ?

Thanks in advance.